Question

Mehrgarh civilization and harappan civilization- Characterstics
Only 3​

Answer 1

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Harappan civilization

1. This civilization is extended far beyond the Indus Valley. The main towns of Indus valley civilization were Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Kalibangan, Lothal.

2. The significant features of Indus Valley civilization are personal cleanliness, town planning, construction of burnt-brick houses, ceramics, casting, forging of metals, manufacturing of cotton and woolen textiles.

3.Mohenjo-Daro people had finest bath facilities, drainage system, and knowledge of personal hygiene.

Mehrgarh civilization

(1)Mehrgarh is a Neolithic (7000-3200BC) site on the Kachi plain of Baluchistan, Pakistan, and one of the earliest sites with evidence of farming (wheat and barley) and herding (cattle, sheep and goats) in south Asia.

(2)The habitation of the site has been divided into seven periods, the first being the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period that dates to circa 7000 B.C. or even earlier.

(3)The most important feature of Mehrgarh is the fact that one can witness its gradual development from an early village society to a regional center that covered an area of 200 hectares at its height.

Answer 2

Harappan civilization.

Around 3300 BC, the Indus Valley Civilization was established.

1. It flourished from 2600 BC to 1900 BC (Mature Indus Valley Civilization).Around 1900 BC, it began to decline and vanished around 1400 BC.
2. It is also named the Harappan Civilization after Harappa, the first town to be excavated (Punjab, Pakistan).In Mehrgarh, Pakistan, the pre-Harappan civilization was discovered, showing the first evidence of cotton cultivation.
3. Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Western Uttar Pradesh were covered geographically by this civilization. It stretched from Sutkagengor (in Baluchistan) in the West to Alamgirpur (Western UP) in the East; and from Daimabad (Ahmednagar, Maharashtra) in the South to Mandu (Jammu) in the North.

Mehrgarh civilization

1. Early Mehrgarh residents lived in mud brick houses, stored their grain in granaries, fashioned tools with local copper ore, and lined their large basket containers with bitumen. They cultivated six-row barley, einkorn and emmer wheat, jujubes and dates, and herded sheep, goats and cattle.
2. Residents of the later period (5500 BCE to 2600 BCE) put much effort into crafts, including flint knapping, tanning, bead production, and metal working. Mehrgarh is probably the earliest known center of agriculture in South Asia.
3. The oldest known example of the lost-wax technique comes from a 6,000-year-old wheel-shaped copper amulet found at Mehrgarh. The amulet was made from unalloyed copper, an unusual innovation that was later abandoned.

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