melting point and boiling point of carbonyl compounds are lower than corresponding alcohol, why?
Answers
In alcohols, hydroxyl group acts as a functional group that is highly polar in nature. The highly electronegitive oxygen present in the group attracts the shared pair of electron of the other O-H group towards itself attaining a partial negative charge and the chain continues called as hydrogen bonding. This bonding is very strong and difficult to break unlike the bond present on their corrosponding carbonyl compounds thus having high melting and boiling points.
Explanation:
The general formula of alcohols is R-OH and general formula for carbonyl compounds is RCHO and R-CO-R. Here RCHO stands for aldehyde and R-CO-R stands for ketone.
All these three compounds; R-OH, R-CHO and r-CO-R have O atom but only R-OH can involve in the formation of hydrogen bond. Due to this the boiling point and melting point of alcohols are higher than carbonyl compounds. Whereas aldehyde and ketones cannot make the Hydrogen bonds.