Question

Mendel believed that physical traits of pea plants are determined by

Answer 1

Answer:

Mendel believed that physical traits of pea plants are determined by inheritance of factors from both parents.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Mendel believed that the physical traits of pea plants are determined by the inheritance of units or factors from both parents, generally known as Gene today.

• Gregor Mendel, a 19th-century monk who conducted hybridization experiments on garden peas, discovered the principles of inheritance (Pisum sativum).
• He cultivated and evaluated over 28,000 pea plants between 1856 and 1863.
• He drew two generalisations from these tests, which became known as Mendel's Laws of Heredity or Mendelian inheritance.
• In a two-part work titled "Experiments on Plant Hybridization," which was published in 1866, he described these laws.
• Mendel created the chromosomal theory of inheritance, which asserts that genes are passed down in contrasting pairs on homologous chromosomes from one generation to the next.
• Mendelian factors were the names given to the genes.
• A gene is the smallest unit of heredity that a gamete can carry.
• In collaboration with other genes and the environment, a gene is found on a chromosome and governs the expression of a character.
• Most of the genes have two alleles, a recessive allele and a dominant allele. If both alleles are identical, the individual is called homozygous for the trait. If both alleles are different, the individual is called heterozygous.
• The presence of an allele does not assure that the trait (character) will be expressed in the individual who possesses it.
• In heterozygous individuals, the dominant is the only allele that is expressed.
• The recessive allele is also present, but it is unexpressed.
• The genotype of an individual is determined by the many alleles it possesses.
• An individual’s phenotype or physical appearance is determined by its alleles as well as by the environment.