Mention 5 local self governing bodies that function in urban areas. Explain them briefly.
Answers
Local self-government in India refers to governmental jurisdictions below the level of the state. India is a federal republic with three spheres of government: central (union), state and local. The 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments give recognition and protection to local governments and in addition each state has its own local government legislation.[1] Since 1993, local government in India takes place in two very distinct forms. Urban localities, covered in the 74th amendment to the Constitution,[2] have Nagar Palika but derive their powers from the individual state governments, while the powers of rural localities have been formalized under the panchayati raj system, under the 73rd amendment to the Constitution.[3] For the history of traditional local government in India and South Asia, see panchayati raj.
As of summer 2017, there are a total of 267,428 local government bodies of which 262,771 are rural and 4,657 urban. Of the rural local governments, 632 are zila parishad at the district level, 6,672 are panchayat samaiti at the block level, and 255,466 are gram panchayat at the village level. Following the 2013 Local election 37.1% of councillors were women, and in 2015/16 local government expenditure was 16.3% of total government expenditure.[1]Rural
Urban
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References Rural local government
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Urban) Local Self-Government. The Chief Local Government Institutions, that establish a mechanism of local self government in the urban areas (towns, cities and metropolises), include Nagar Panchayats, Municipal Committees and the Municipal Corporations.
According to the 1991 Census of India, there were 3255 urban local bodies (ULBs) in the country; classified into the four major categories: Municipal corporation (Nagar Nigam) Municipality (municipal council, municipal board, municipal committee) (Nagar Parishad) Town area committee.