mention a difference in the conduction of electricity by solids and liquids
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All substances are made up of atoms, which have charged particles called electrons and protons. You know that electricity in all forms is due to the charges on these particles. When charged particles move in an orderly fashion, we get an electric current
Conduction in solids:
Among solids, metals are good conductors of electricity. In metals, some electrons are not very tightly bound to the atoms. They move about randomly in different directions within the metal.
When a voltage is applied across a piece of a metal, these electrons move in an orderly fashion in one direction. This flow of electrons is the current in the metal. In most other solids, electrons are tightly bound to the atoms and are not easily available to flow. So, they do not conduct electricity well.
Conduction in liquids:
Molten metal’s and mercury (a liquid metal) conduct electricity. The current through them is constituted by the flow of electrons. Other liquids conduct electricity because they have ions. What are ions? Under some conditions, an atom may lose one or more electrons, which get added to another atom.
The atom that loses an electron (or electrons) has more protons than electrons. So, it becomes positively charged. And the atom that gains the electrons has more electrons than protons. So, it becomes negatively charged.
Conduction in solids:
Among solids, metals are good conductors of electricity. In metals, some electrons are not very tightly bound to the atoms. They move about randomly in different directions within the metal.
When a voltage is applied across a piece of a metal, these electrons move in an orderly fashion in one direction. This flow of electrons is the current in the metal. In most other solids, electrons are tightly bound to the atoms and are not easily available to flow. So, they do not conduct electricity well.
Conduction in liquids:
Molten metal’s and mercury (a liquid metal) conduct electricity. The current through them is constituted by the flow of electrons. Other liquids conduct electricity because they have ions. What are ions? Under some conditions, an atom may lose one or more electrons, which get added to another atom.
The atom that loses an electron (or electrons) has more protons than electrons. So, it becomes positively charged. And the atom that gains the electrons has more electrons than protons. So, it becomes negatively charged.
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