mention any three advantages of evolution?
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It’s going to happen anyway, whether advantageous or not, because it’s an inevitable consequence of genetic inheritance and variability. In any situation, the organisms whose genes best fit them to that situation will do best and have the most offspring, so their genes will become more common and the population will therefore shift towards having a higher percentage of those genes.
If this were not so, either there would be no variation - in which case, we would all still be basic bacteria - or variation would be random. In that case you might get lucky and hit on a form which suited a particular situation, but if not then the risk of extinction would be very high.
As it is, evolution allows organisms to develop in ways which follow any changes in the environment so that the organisms continue to be able to function in the changed situation. Where a population becomes overcrowded and begins to use up its resources, evolution favours forms which can exploit some new niche, can break away from the crowd, and so it leads to radiation into many new forms. Then if some catastrophe occurs, you have a much better chance that at least some species will be able to survive it.
If the environment is steady, evolution enables a gradual improvement in efficiency as the most effective individuals have the most offspring. Usually, the more efficient organisms become, the better their chance of survival if something goes wrong.
If this were not so, either there would be no variation - in which case, we would all still be basic bacteria - or variation would be random. In that case you might get lucky and hit on a form which suited a particular situation, but if not then the risk of extinction would be very high.
As it is, evolution allows organisms to develop in ways which follow any changes in the environment so that the organisms continue to be able to function in the changed situation. Where a population becomes overcrowded and begins to use up its resources, evolution favours forms which can exploit some new niche, can break away from the crowd, and so it leads to radiation into many new forms. Then if some catastrophe occurs, you have a much better chance that at least some species will be able to survive it.
If the environment is steady, evolution enables a gradual improvement in efficiency as the most effective individuals have the most offspring. Usually, the more efficient organisms become, the better their chance of survival if something goes wrong.
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