Question

mention any three effects of the first world war over europe. give three examples to support​

Answer 1

Answer:

The EU has provided the essential infrastructure to deal with ‘the German Question’ – the role of the largest and most powerful state in Europe. When Europeans commemorate the Great War of 1914-18 this summer they should be reflecting not only on the diplomatic blunders and the enormous waste of lives but also the beginning of a new approach to international relations epitomised by the EU.

The First World War destroyed empires, created numerous new nation-states, encouraged independence movements in Europe’s colonies, forced the United States to become a world power and led directly to Soviet communism and the rise of Hitler. Diplomatic alliances and promises made during the First World War, especially in the Middle East, also came back to haunt Europeans a century later. The balance of power approach to international relations was broken but not shattered. It took the Second World War to bring about sufficient political forces to embark on a revolutionary new approach to inter-state relations.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

1. Reorganisation of boundaries and a new political structure-

the WWI destroyed the existing mighty Ottoman, Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires and gave birth to numerous nation-states in their place. Boundaries of nations contracted and expanded as Germany had to cede certain areas to France and new nations like Poland, Austria, Hungary, Estonia etc emerged, thus resulting in a novel political Europe on the map. This new Europe also saw birth and adopting of ideologies like Nazism, Fascism and Socialism. 

2. Economic Devastation-

Wars are not cheap and WWI certainly wasn't. It left in its wake a economically devastated Europe. Countries fell in debt from war costs and faced economic depression, hyperinflation and unemployment. This holds especially true for Germany who not only had to repair its economy but also had to make reparations or monetary compensation to the winning Allied nations Britain and France. 

3. Change in Social structure-

WWI immensely affected the European society. Gender roles were redefined and women replaced men in factories, offices etc and were given more rights and some nations even started allowing them to vote. Power of aristocracy or upper class declined and middle and lower classes emerged and had a say in forming the countries.