mention at least five important affinities between echinoderms and chordates
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1. Presence of radial and holoblastic cleavage in both.
2. They possess mesodermal endoskeleton as chordates whereas the invertebrates have an exoskeleton.
3. The mesoderm is derived from cells around the lips of the blastopore.
4. The blastopore becomes the adult anus as in chordates called deuterostome but in invertebrates, the blastopore becomes the mouth.
5. Mouth arises as a new structure from the ectodermal stomodaeum as in chordates.
6. The coelom is formed from paired lateral diverticula of the archenteron and is enterocele.
7. Phosphocreatine for use in the energy cycle of muscle contraction.
8. The central nervous system develops from a strip of epiblast in both.
9. Fossil of both types is found in early palaeozoic rocks.
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