Question

Mention four different kinds of irrigation system adopted in India to supply water in agricultural lands depending on kinds of water resources available. discuss how these systems are useful to farmers.

Answer 1

1. Well Water Irrigation system: There are various types of wells– shallow wells, deep wells, tube wells, artesian wells, etc. From the shallow wells water is not always available as the level of water goes down during the dry months. Deep wells are more suitable for the purpose of irrigation as water from them is available throughout the year. It helps the farmers for irrigation purposes. At places where ground water is available, a tube-well can be installed near the agricultural area.

2. Tank Water Irrigation system: In the Deccan, water-reservoirs are made by constructing dams. In Northern India also, tanks are constructed for storing water. From all these tanks, water is carried to the fields through canals.

3. Inundation Irrigation system: Canal irrigation is playing a vital role in Indian agriculture. In many places during the rainy season, there is flood in the rivers. The flood water is carried to the field through canals.They supply water only when there is flood in the rivers, and therefore, are of no use during the dry season when water is required most.

4. Perennial Canals Irrigation System: The perennial canals get the supply of water either from the river directly or through the reservoirs of the river projects. In order to supply water throughout the year, reservoirs are constructed for storing water. From these reservoirs, water can be supplied to the fields whenever there is demand for it. So this system of irrigation ensures supply of water in all season.

Answer 2

Different methods of traditional  irrigation are the foll.
.Moat (pulley system)
.Chain pump
.Rahat (lever system)
.Dhekli
Hope it'd've been useful.