mention one application of pollen bank. how are pollen stored in a bank?
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Pollen Banks :-
'Pollen Banks' are used to store pollen grains for a short as well as very long period of time in a viable conditions. These pollen grains can be used in various crop breeding programs, biochemical and physiochemical studies. The very important application of pollen bank is to preserve the biodiversity in the form of preservation of valuable of genetic resources.
It is very essential to establish 'Pollen Banks' where pollen grains of a desired species would be preserved as genetic resource for breeding program.
The pollen grains can be stored by two methods.
1) Short term storage of pollen grains :
a) Storage under low temperature and low humidity -
Pollen grains can conveniently be stored in a glass or plastic vial. The unsealed containers are kept into desiccators containing suitable dehydrating agents to maintain in low RH (<10 %). Then the sealed desiccators are kept in refrigerator or deep freezer. In this method pollen can be stored for weeks or months. But the storage under sub-freezing condition (ca -20 degrees C) is very effective for storage of pollen for more than a year.
b) Storage in a organic solvent -
This a very simple method by which pollen grains are dried over silica and stored in organic solvents and maintained in refrigerator or deep freezer.
2) Long term storage of pollen :
a) Storage of freeze or vacuum-dried pollen grains -
The freeze and vacuum-dried pollen grains are stored at subzero temperature (- 60 degrees C to - 80 degrees C). In freeze-drying the pollen grains are freezed at subzero temperature with gradual removal of water under sublimation, while in vacuum drying, pollen grains are exposed to simultaneous cooling and vacuum drying. By the help of this method pollen grains can be stored for more than a year.
b) Cryopreservation -
This is a much simplified technique by which pollen grains are dried by using a 'Pollen Drier' containing air of 20 degrees C and 20-40 % humidity to bring their water content below a threshold level and stored in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C). This method is very effective for storage of pollen grains of a number of species, including cereals, even for over 10 years.
'Pollen Banks' are used to store pollen grains for a short as well as very long period of time in a viable conditions. These pollen grains can be used in various crop breeding programs, biochemical and physiochemical studies. The very important application of pollen bank is to preserve the biodiversity in the form of preservation of valuable of genetic resources.
It is very essential to establish 'Pollen Banks' where pollen grains of a desired species would be preserved as genetic resource for breeding program.
The pollen grains can be stored by two methods.
1) Short term storage of pollen grains :
a) Storage under low temperature and low humidity -
Pollen grains can conveniently be stored in a glass or plastic vial. The unsealed containers are kept into desiccators containing suitable dehydrating agents to maintain in low RH (<10 %). Then the sealed desiccators are kept in refrigerator or deep freezer. In this method pollen can be stored for weeks or months. But the storage under sub-freezing condition (ca -20 degrees C) is very effective for storage of pollen for more than a year.
b) Storage in a organic solvent -
This a very simple method by which pollen grains are dried over silica and stored in organic solvents and maintained in refrigerator or deep freezer.
2) Long term storage of pollen :
a) Storage of freeze or vacuum-dried pollen grains -
The freeze and vacuum-dried pollen grains are stored at subzero temperature (- 60 degrees C to - 80 degrees C). In freeze-drying the pollen grains are freezed at subzero temperature with gradual removal of water under sublimation, while in vacuum drying, pollen grains are exposed to simultaneous cooling and vacuum drying. By the help of this method pollen grains can be stored for more than a year.
b) Cryopreservation -
This is a much simplified technique by which pollen grains are dried by using a 'Pollen Drier' containing air of 20 degrees C and 20-40 % humidity to bring their water content below a threshold level and stored in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C). This method is very effective for storage of pollen grains of a number of species, including cereals, even for over 10 years.
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