Question

Mention the characteristics of -
(i) sandy soil
(ii) loamy soil
(iii) clayey soil ​

Answer 1

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1. Sandy soil :

• It contains 70-80% of large sand particles and very small amounts of silt clay particles.

• It lacks humus and hence it is not very fertile.

• It is not suitable to grow crops due to poor humus content and poor water holding capacity.

• Cactus, watermelons grow well in this soil.

2. Loamy soil :

• It contains equal amounts of sand, clay and silt.

• It is rich in humus and is dark brown in colour.

• It has adequate air space and contains sufficient water.

• It is the best soil for growing plants.

3. Clayey soil :

• It contains mainly clay and only a small amount of sand and silt.

• It's particles are very small which leaves very little space for air in the soil.

• It contains some amount of humus in it.

• Plants like wheat and paddy grow well in it.

Answer 2

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Sandy Soil :-

• Sandy soil mainly contains sand ( having large particle with large spaces.)

• They are mostly found in desert areas.

• Sandy soil have large particle with large spaces between them.

• It cannot hold much water in it because the water gets drained out quickly though the large spaces between them.

• Sandy soil dry out quickly which is not good for plants.

• Sandy soil however provides good aeration to the plant root and it can be ploughed very easily.

• Sandy soil is light in weight then other soils.

• Sandy soil is less fertile .

Clayey Soil :-

• Clayey soil mainly contains clay ( having very small particle with very small spaces )

• Clayey soil has hardly any sand or silt in it.

• Clayey soil also contains very little humus.

• Clayey soil has very good water holding capacity.

• Clayey soil is heavy then any other soil.

• In Clayey soil water drains out very slowly. which can lead to water logging and damage crop plant..

• Clayey soil is more fertile than Sandy soil .

• Clayey soil is compact and sticky.

Loamy Soil :-

• loamy soil is a mixture of sand , clay, slit and humus in right proportion.

• Loamy soil is a mixture of large and small particle.

• loamy soil has right water holding capacity.

• Exess water also drains out quickly though it.

• Loamy soil has also adequate air spaces between it's particle to hold sufficient air needed by plant.

• Loamy soil can be easily ploughed out.

• It contains sufficient amount of humus.

• Loamy soil is the most fertile soil.

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