Question

Mention the enzymes required for converting the following macromolecules into
Micromolecules.
1. Pepsinogen into pepsin
2. Starch into maltose
3. Sucrose into glucose and fructose
4. Lactose into glucose and galactose
5. Fats into fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 1

Answer:

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1. Pepsinogen into pepsin

Pepsin

Pepsinogen is a powerful and abundant protein digestive enzyme secreted by the gastric chief cells as a proenzyme and then converted by gastric acid in the gastric lumen to the active enzyme pepsin.

2.Starch into maltose

Amylases

During digestion, starch is partially transformed into maltose by the pancreatic or salivary enzymes called amylases; maltase secreted by the intestine then converts maltose into glucose. The glucose so produced is either utilized by the body or stored in the liver as glycogen (animal starch).

3.Sucrose into glucose and fructose

Invertase

Invertase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis (breakdown) of sucrose (table sugar) into fructose and glucose. Alternative names for invertase include EC 3.2.

4. Lactose into glucose and galactose

Lactose

Lactose intolerance is the inability to digest a sugar called lactose that is found in milk and dairy products. Normally when a person eats something containing lactose, an enzyme in the small intestine called lactase breaks it down into simpler sugar forms called glucose and galactose.

5. Fats into fatty acids and glycerol

Lipases

Lipase, any of a group of fat-splitting enzymes found in the blood, gastric juices, pancreatic secretions, intestinal juices, and adipose tissues. Lipases hydrolyze triglycerides (fats) into their component fatty acid and glycerol molecules.