Question

mention the factor responsible for the rise of magadha​

Answer 1

Magadha Empire :-

The formation of the largest state in India during this period was the work of several enterprising and ambitious rulers such as Bimbisara, Ajatashatru and Mahapadma Nanda. They employed all the mean in their power, fair and foul, to enlarge their kingdoms and to strengthen their states. This, however, was not the only reason for the expansion of Magadhan kingdom.

Their were some other factors that enabled Magadha a powerful kingdom. These factors are as follows.

• Magadha enjoyed an advantageous geographical position in the age of iron, because richest iron deposits were situated not far away from Rajgir, the earliest capital of Magadha. The ready availability of the rich iron ores in the neighbourhood enabled the Magadha princes to equip themselves with effective weapons which were not easily available to their rivals.

• The two capitals of Magadha, the first at Rajgir and the second at Pataliputra, were situated at very strategic points. Rajgir was surrounded by a group of five hills, and so it was impregnable in those days when there was no easy means of storming citadels such as cannons. In the 5th century BC, the Magadhan Kings shifted their capital from Rajgir to Pataliputra, which occupied a pivotal position commanding communication on all the sides. Pataliputra was situated at confluence of the Ganges, the Gandak and the Son, and a fourth river called the Ghaghra, joined the Ganges not far from Pataliputra.  

• In the pre-industrial days, when communication was difficult, the army could move north, west, south and east by following the courses of rivers.

• Magadha was at the center of the mid-Gangetic plains, the Ganges provided a means of transport and agricultural facilities.

• The favourable environmental factors that were conducive to agriculture helped Magadha to become a very powerful empire. The alluvium, once cleared of forests proved immensely fertile.

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Answer 2

Answer:

The factors that contributed to the rise of Magadha were the strategic locations of its two capitals Rajagriha and Pataliputra, very rich alluvial soil contributing to agricultural surplus production, and the availability of minerals, which resulted in the introduction of iron tools especially for warfare. During this period at Magadha we find three dynasties who contributed to the emergence of Magadha as a superpower: Haryanka, Saisunaga, and the Nanda dynasties.