Mention the important provisions of Government of India Act 1919.
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Answers
Government of India Act 1919:
Government of India Act 1919 is one of the important acts in India. This act is also known as Montague-Chelmsford reforms. As, this act was prepared by Lord Montague and Lord Chelmsford. This act was enforced due to the dissatisfaction of 1909 act.
Main Provisions of 1919 Act:
• The Executive Council of Secretary of State in India was constitue with 8-12 members and the membership of Indians in The Governor General's councils was to increase from one to three.
• The Central Government should remian bicameral. The council of states with 60 members and Legislative Assembly with 126 members.
• Dyarchy should be introduced at provincial level. The administrative subjects are divided into two - Reserved and Transfered.
• Reserved are important subjects under the control of Governor and Transferred subjects are less significant under the control Indians.
• Sikhs, Anglo Indians, Christians, Europeans etc should be provided with separate electoral.
• Indirect Elections should be replaced with direct elections.
• This act also established a commission to examine the progress of this act.
Answer:
- Executive: Dyarchy was introduced, i.e., there were two classes of administrators – Executive councillors and ministers. The Governor was the executive head of the province.
- Legislature: The size of the provincial legislative assemblies was increased.
- The Government of India act 1919 was passed on the basis of recommendations of Lord Chelmsford and Samuel Montagu.
- The Secretary of State Montagu introduced a Bill in the British Parliament which became the Indian Act of 1919.
- The Act set up a bicameral legislature in the Centre.
- The Act increased the number of Indians in the Governor-General’s Executive Council to three in a Council of eight.