mention the merits and demerits of the subsidiary alliance system
Answers
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⭕The Merits:
✏️The Indian rulers who accepted the subsidiary relationship obtained security from the British and wereprotected from their neighbors.
✏️since one of the terms of the agreement to the subsidiary alliance was that no ruler could make war without the consent of the British, most of the wars among them was contained.
✏️The local armies were trained and equipped by the British, hence led to a more formidable Indian army.
✏️Governorship was left for the British and this gave the Indians the chance to unite as they felt really oppressed by their rule.
⭕The demerits:→
✏️Indian princes lost their administrative powers and hence obtained a more submissive stature.
✏️Due to lack of practicing their authority the Indian rulers were heavily demoralized and grew weaker.
✏️One of the requirements of the subsidiary alliance was to have the rulers pay subsidiary for the protection they received. This meant that the rulers had to tax the locals-which resulted to heavy taxes that led to the oppression of the local Indians.
✏️By accepting a subordinate state, the Princes of India surrendered the sovereignty of India to the British and along with it, their independence.
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After the battle of Plassey in 1757, the battle of Buxar in 1764 and gaining the Diwani of Bengal, the company began to expand its rule in many parts of India. For that it had devised several plans, one among them was the “Subsidiary Alliance”. Subsidiary Alliance system was means used by the Company to extend its control over the Indian states.
According to the terms of this alliance -
The East India Company behaved as a guardian of the State.
The State appointed an English Resident in its court, to check the activities of the king.
Indian rulers were not allowed to have their independent armed forces.
The State could not give shelter to any other European other than English in its army.
The Indian states entering into subsidiary alliance were protected by the Company’s forces but had to pay for the maintenance of the British troops. The Indian rulers were not allowed to have their independent armed forces. If the Indian rulers failed to make payments to the British, part of their kingdom was taken away as penalty.