Question

Mention the property of conc.H2SO4 exhibited in each of the following reaction with (1)sugar (2)metallic chloride (3)non-metal such as carbon

Answer 1

Answer:

1) H2SO4 act as a dehydrating agent for sugar.

2) With metallic chloride double displacement reaction is seen

3)It acts as a oxidizing agent and forms oxides of non metals ( CO2 in case of carbon)

Concept:

• Dehydration:

A process of removal of water from the molecule is termed as dehydration and a substance use to remove water is known as dehydrating agent.

• Double displacement reaction:

A reaction in which two reagents interchange their one part is called double displacement reaction ..

AB + CD →  AD+ CB

• Oxidation:

Removal of hydrogen or addition of oxygen is termed as oxidation reaction.

Explanation:

• The sulfuric acid removes water from the sugar and acts as a dehydrating agent

 It is  a highly exothermic reaction, releasing heat, steam, and sulfur          oxide fumes, etc.

          C12H11O22+ H2SO4→ 12C +11H20 + SO3 + Heat

• With metallic chloride, double displacement reaction occurs.

       2MCl + H2SO4→ M2SO4 + 2HCl

       Where, M= metal

• In case of non- metals , it acts as a oxidizing agent and forms metal oxide by the oxidation of non- metals.

          C + 2H2SO4 → CO2 + 2H2O + 2SO2

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Answer 2

Answer:

1) Dehydrating Agent

2) Displacing Agent

3) Oxidizing Agent

Explanation:

1. In the attached image it shows a reaction of sulfuric acid and sugar. In this reaction sugar gets decomposed into individual atoms due to the dehydration carried out by $H_{2} SO_{4}$. In reality the sugar particles turn into black color because of this dehydration. From sugar the only products left are elemental carbon and water.

2. In the attached image it shows the reaction of sulfuric acid with the metallic chloride of sodium. In this reaction sodium gets displaced from sodium chloride to form sodium sulfate and Hydrogen gets displaced from sulfuric acid to form hydrochloric acid. In this reaction $H_{2} SO_{4}$ acts as a double displacement agent.

3. Usually non metals do not react with acids. In the case of Carbon, it reacts with sulfuric acid to produce carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and water. Carbon gets oxidized to it's oxide by the strong mineral acid $H_{2}SO_{4}$. Here sulfuric acid acts as an oxidizing agent.

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