Question

mention the type hybridization of carbon in CH3-CN

Answer 1

Explanation:

Start by drawing the Lewis structure of acetonitrile, CH3CN.

The total number of valence electrons present in a molecule of acetonitrile will be equal to 16 because you have

2×4 e−=8 e−→ from two atoms of carbon, C3×1 e−=3 e−→ from three atoms of hydrogen, H1×5 e−=5 e−→ from one atom of nitrogen, N

Now, the two carbon atoms will be bonded together via a single bond. One of the two carbon atoms will be bonded to the nitrogen atom via a triple bond and the other will be bonded to the three hydrogen atoms via single bonds.

This will account for

4×2 e−+1×6 e−=14 e−

The remaining 2 valence electrons will be added on the nitrogen atom as a lone pair.

https://www.indiamart.com/ketulchem/chemicals.html

In order to find the hybridization of the two carbon atoms, you must count the regions of electron density that surround the atoms.

A region of electron density is simply

a single, double, or triple bond a lone pair of electrons

The number of regions of electron density will give you the steric number of the atom, which in turn will give you its hybridization.

In this case, the left carbon atom is surrounded by 4 regions of electron density because it is bonded to four different atoms, i.e. the 3 hydrogen atoms and the right carbon atom.

The steric number will be equal to 4, which implies that the left carbon is sp3 hybridized, i.e. it uses one s orbital and three p orbitals to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals.

https://jahschem.wikispaces.com/electronic+structure?responseToken=0861d255fb6226603a85083f7e6c7c158

The right carbon is surrounded by 2 regions of electron density because it is bonded to two different atoms, i.e. the nitrogen atom and the left carbon atom.

In this case, the steric number will be equal to 2, which implies that the right carbon is sp hybridized, i.e. it uses one s orbital and one p orbital to form two sp hybrid orbitals.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSRyjyyQUog

Consequently, the left carbon will have 109.5∘ bond angles and the right carbon will have 180∘ bond angles.