Question

mention three functions of endoplasmic reticulum​

Answer 1

Answer:

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves important functions particularly in the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins. Differences in certain physical and functional characteristics distinguish the two types of ER, known as rough ER (RER) and smooth ER (SER). Ribosomes on RER, which give RER its rough appearance, specialize in the synthesis of proteins that possess a signal sequence that directs them specifically to the ER for processing. Proteins synthesized by the RER have specific final destinations, such as the cell membrane, cell exterior, or the ER itself. SER is involved in the synthesis of lipids, including cholesterol and phospholipids, which are used in the production of new cellular membrane. In cells of the liver, SER contributes to the detoxification of drugs and harmful chemicals. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized type of SER that regulates calcium ion concentration in the cytoplasm of striated muscle cells.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Function:

Smooth ER is responsible for the synthesis of essential lipids such as phospholipids and cholesterol.

Smooth ER is also responsible for the production and secretion of steroid hormones.

It is also responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates.

The smooth ER store and release calcium ions. These are quite important for the nervous system and muscular system.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Function:

The majority of the functions of rough ER is associated with protein synthesis.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum also plays a vital role in protein folding.

Also ensures quality control (regarding correct protein folding).

The second most important function after protein synthesis and protein folding is protein sorting.