merit and demerit of medieval education
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the main purpose of this research paper is to acquire an understanding of education inthe medieval period. During the medieval period, the Muslim system of education was predominant. In this period, transformations were bought about in the system of education. During this period, the individuals began to recognize the significance of education and even began to enrol in higher educational institutions. Primary education was imparted in maktabs,and higher education was imparted in madrasas. There was initiation of modern and innovative methods and strategies in the teaching and learning processes. Exams and tests were conducted regularly. They were regarded as assessment methods, with the main purposeof evaluating the performance and the learning abilities of the students. The main areas that are taken into account are, objectives of education in medieval India, organization of education, characteristics of education, Islamic system of education, the system of education under the Mughals, vocational education and educational institutions.
Merit and demerit of medieval education :
Education in the medieval period was the prerogative of the Church, especially during the early medieval period. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, a concerted campaign to educate the people was started under Frankish leader Charlemagne.
Starting at the end of the 8th century, cathedrals and monasteries founded themselves as schools to train young children in a variety of scientific fields. Classical Greek and Roman subjects were mostly included in secular education, while a small portion of the curriculum consisted of religious education. In medieval education the Church played an important role. The Roman heritage and history in Western Europe had largely been ignored at the time of Charlemagne's ascension. The Catholic Church and its bishops and monks have continued to study and teach classical topics like grammar, rhetoric and logic.
Therefore, Charlemagne had to turn to the Church as he wanted to teach his subjects. Not only in France, was it the case until at least the High Middle Ages, but elsewhere across Europe. The Church will remain the central institution in fostering religious enterprise in medieval Europe as a principal patron of arts and education.
Advantages :
During the medieval era, a variety of subjects have been taught in education. Themes like Latin, rhetoric, Greek and fundamental sciences have been taught in grammar schools, which traditionally fall into a large church. This list included geography and a variety of other natural sciences in the later medieval period. A greater versatility was exercised in the choice of subjects in monastic schools that were directly connected with monastic orders. Typical schools taught in Greek and Roman books from the rich treasure trove often exploring even topics such as physics, philosophy and botany.
The Church has taught and ignored education in the early medieval period. Frankish King Charlemagne was one of the first to promote formal education in medieval Europe. There were three types of medieval educational institutions: grammar and monastic and universities. In 1088, Italy was the first university in medieval Europe..
Disadvantages :
Just 5% of Europeans had formal education by 1330. When, without the nobility's approval, a peasant or serf family received instruction, they were fined. Therefore, the ruling class and the clergy had the advantage of keeping their servants away from schools, in order that they would govern them effectively. For the Church, monasteries and cathedral schools the costs of education were often too high to afford for a single servant. The entire system of education was designed to keep serfs and peasants uneducated; in fact, the education was very elitist during that time. Study books were very rare and very costly. Therefore, only looking for a teacher could provide education.
Training in the Middle Ages, because of the turbulent times, was a difficult task. Frequent battles and wars often disturbed and halted studies in convents and cathedral schools. Most of the times, however, monasteries and cathedral schools have tended to reappear. Kids studied in monks ' schools and were declared as scholars at 14-15 years of age. Very few, however, chose to study to graduate. This is because most of them for the simple livelihoods either fought or served as peasants. Members of the aristocracy chose often to practice fighting skills in the fields of arts and mathematics.
Women had little or no chance of education under the feudal system of the Middle Ages. Servants and peasants never received an education. A poor girl couldn't learn to read and write. In a few cases, however, upper class girls gained educational benefits. For noble women, there were certain responsibilities that requires them to be knowledgeable. The education of women, however, was very restricted and regulated by the Church. The general feeling was that women were secondary and had to serve and be secured by men. Any training a woman could receive to help her in the future become a successful wife and mother.
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