merit and demerit of roytwari settlement
Answers
Answer:
merits: The Ryotwari system is associated with the name of Sir Thomas Munro, who was appointed Governor of Madras in May 1820.[4] Subsequently, the Ryotwari system was extended to the Bombay area.[5] Munro gradually reduced the rate of taxation from one half to one third of the gross produce, even then an excessive tax.[6][7] The levy was not based on actual revenues from the produce of the land, but instead on an estimate of the potential of the soil; in some cases more than 50% of the gross revenue was demanded
Demarits: In Northern India, Sir Edward Colebrooke and successive Governor-Generals had implored the Court of Directors of the British East India Company, in vain, to redeem the pledge given by the British Government, and to permanently settle the land-tax, so as to make it possible for the people to accumulate wealth and improve their own condition.[8]
Explanation:
Answer:
The Roytwari settlement was one of the main systems of collecting revenue during the British rule in India. It was introduced in 1820 by Sir Thomas Munro and Captain Alexander Read.
Advantages -
1. There were no middlemen. The tax was collected directly
from the royts or cultivators.
2. The royt was the owner of the land he cultivated.
3. He could transfer, sell or mortgage his property.
4. He could not be ejected from his land as long as he paid
the revenue.
5. Remissions of assessment were granted during unfavourable
seasons.
Disadvantages
1. The rate of taxation was quite high.
2. The tax was not based on the actual revenues from the
produce of the land. It was based on an estimate of the potential of the soil.
3. In some cases the tax was more than 50% of the gross revenue.
4. The tax had to be paid in cash this exposed the
cultivators to the demands of the moneylenders when crops failed.