metabolic activity facilated by drinking water is
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Metabolic Water
Metabolic water contributes approximately 10% to 15% of total water intake in dogs and cats, depending on diet.4 Nutrients differ in their yield of metabolic water (Table 1-13). Although fats provide the most water per gram, carbohydrates provide the most water per calorie and per liter of oxygen.3,8 Therefore high-carbohydrate diets spare the water requirement by providing more metabolic water per calorie. Carbohydrates and fats also spare water loss because they do not generate renal solute.3 The volume of metabolic water generated per day in humans, and by inference in dogs and cats, is relatively small compared with the total daily water intake.11 Metabolic water is difficult to quantitate in the clinical setting, and many studies ignore its contribution to water homeostasis. Definitive water balance studies should include evaluation of metabolic water.50