migration strategies to save people from disaster
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Various regional research centers-especially in Latin America and South East Asia-should be established that have archives containing all relevant material and that can serve as centers for training of volcanologists, for public education, and for cooperation with other scientific institutions.
⦁ The preparation of hazard maps helps to determine whether a volcano is potentially hazardous and to assess the risk. For that purpose, detailed knowledge about the history and characteristics of the specific volcano is indispensable, which requires, among other things, topographic and geologic mapping. Hazard maps show the pathways of eruption products to be ex-pected for various eruption intensities.
⦁ Monitoring of volcanoes by satellites has to increase in order to detect possible changes (e.g., temperature or SO2 emission). Continuous monitoring is essential. When a volcano has been identified as potentially dangerous, ground monitoring (visual and instrumental) should be ensured. Public must be informed and educated on the results of volcanological studies and any possible dangers. For potentially dangerous volcanic regions, emergency plans must be worked out, particularly evacuation plans for the population in case of immediate danger. Disaster prevention exercises are useful as well.
⦁ The preparation of hazard maps helps to determine whether a volcano is potentially hazardous and to assess the risk. For that purpose, detailed knowledge about the history and characteristics of the specific volcano is indispensable, which requires, among other things, topographic and geologic mapping. Hazard maps show the pathways of eruption products to be ex-pected for various eruption intensities.
⦁ Monitoring of volcanoes by satellites has to increase in order to detect possible changes (e.g., temperature or SO2 emission). Continuous monitoring is essential. When a volcano has been identified as potentially dangerous, ground monitoring (visual and instrumental) should be ensured. Public must be informed and educated on the results of volcanological studies and any possible dangers. For potentially dangerous volcanic regions, emergency plans must be worked out, particularly evacuation plans for the population in case of immediate danger. Disaster prevention exercises are useful as well.
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