Question

mind map on the lesson power sharing class 10​

Answer 1

Answer:

I have upload it here............pls refer this by downloading it.

9589e016b52fc665aaf25dac110910a6.pdf

Answer 2

Answer:

The following are the topics in the lesson Power Sharing:-

1) Basic Principles of Power Sharing

2) Power Sharing in Belgium and Sri Lanka

3) Forms of Power Sharing  

4) Why Power Sharing is so desirable

Explanation:

1) Basic Principles of Power Sharing

• All political power derives from the people.
• Through institutions of self-government, people rule themselves.
• Everyone has a voice in the creation of public policy.

2) Important Terms

• Ethnic: A social divide based on shared culture in which individuals feel they share a common ancestry due to physical similarity, cultural similarity, or both.
• Civil War:  A violent clash between opposing parties within a nation that intensifies to the point that it resembles a war.
• Majoritarianism: The idea that a country's majority group should be free to run it whatever it pleases while ignoring the interests and wants of the minority.
• Prudential: Based on prudent estimate of gains and losses.Prudential decisions are frequently compared with moral decisions.

3) Power Sharing in Belgium

a) Ethnic composition

• France, the Netherlands, Germany, and Luxembourg are all neighbours of this country in Europe.
• Brussels has been chosen as the European Union's headquarters.
• The majority language of the nation is Dutch, while the minority language is French.

1. 59% speak Dutch and live in the Flemish area.
2. 40% speak French and live in Wallonia
3. Remaining 1% population speaks German.

• However, Brussels, the nation's capital, has an 80% French and 20% Dutch population.

b) Accommodation

1) New Political Arrangement

• Between 1970 and 1993, the constitution was modified four times.
• A single community cannot make a unilateral choice.
• The central government is independent of the state governments.

2) Three-fold system of governance

• In the central government, Dutch and French ministers are on an equal level.
• Equal representation is provided by a separate state government in Brussels.
• Community government to address concerns relating to education, culture, and language.

4) Power Sharing in Sri Lanka

a) Ethnic composition

• It is a South Asian island nation that gained independence in 1948.
• 74% Sinhala speakers (Follow Buddhism)
• 18% Tamil speakers (Follow Hinduism/Islam)

1. 13% of Sri Lankan Tamils
2. Rest are Indian Tamils
3. Reside in the country's north and east.

• 1% Muslims and 7 % Christians (speak Sinhalese+Tamil)

b) Accommodation

1) Majoranamam by Sinnala

• Sinhala has become an official language by a 1956 Act.
• Favored Sinhala applicants for government posts and academic positions.
• Supported their practice of Buddhism.

2) Conflicts amongst Communities

• Feeling of isolation and lack of political recognition for Tamils.
• Organizations like the LTTE have called for an independent Tamil Eelam.
• Civil conflict resulted in economic and human losses.

5) Forms of Power Sharing  

a) Horizontal Model of Power-sharing

• Among several government organs such as the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
• The check-and-balance mechanism.
• No one has infinite power.

b) Vertical Model of Power-sharing

• Three types of government exist central, state, and local.
• The power structure established by the Constitution.
• Government levels under the federal system of government.
• Independently responsible to the public

c) Power Sharing amongst Social groups

• The acceptance of social diversity.
• To provide representation for marginalized and weaker groups in society.
• For instance, the communist government of Belgium
• For instance, Indian reserved constituencies

d)Political parties and pressure groups

• Political rivalry amongst numerous Candidates.
• The individuals in power are influenced by pressure organizations.
• Politics of the coalition and alliance governments.
• Alliances for interest groups including businesspeople, laborers, and industrialists.

6) Why Power Sharing is so desirable

a) Prudential reasons

• Reduces the possibility of conflicts
• Enables Political stability
• Promoted Unity and integrity of a nation
• Avoids dominion of majority

b)Moral reasons

• Saves the very spirit of democracy
• Ensures Equal Participation of all
• Protects Citizens' Right to be consulted.

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