"minerals and types of minerals found in different states in India"
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The non-metallic minerals may or may not contain organic matter. Coal and petroleum are organic in nature, while mica, limestone, graphite and gypsum are inorganic. Minerals such as coal and iron are of industrial importance; mica, manganese, copper, lead and zinc are of economic importance; and coal, petroleum, thorium and uranium are of national importance.India is the leading producer of some of the minerals and contains a diverse and significant store of these minerals. Of the 89 minerals produced in the country, 4 are fuel minerals, 11 metallic, 52 non-metallic and 22 minor minerals. India is the largest producer of mica blocks and mica splittings; ranks second in the production of chromite, baryte, talc and steatite; ranks third in the production of coal, lignite, and bauxite; fourth in iron ore, fifth in steel, seventh in zinc, eighth in copper, tenth in aluminium and eleventh in mica. Iron ore, copper ore, chromite ore, zinc concentrates, gold, manganese ore, bauxite, lead concentrates and silver account for the entire metallic production. Limestone, magnesite, dolomite, baryte, kaolin, gypsum, apatite, steatite and fluorite account for 92% of non-metallic minerals.India has a large number of economically useful minerals and they constitute one-quarter of the world’s mineral resources. About two-thirds of its iron deposits lie in a belt along Odisha and Jharkhand border. Other haematite deposits are found in Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Goa. Magnetite iron ore is found in Tamil Nadu, Jharkhand and Himachal. Bituminous coal is found in Jharia and Bokaro in Jharkhand and Ranigunj in West Bengal.Lignite coals are found in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu. Next to Russia, India has the largest supply of manganese. The manganese mining areas are Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Jharkhand-Odisha area. Chromite deposits are found in Jharkhand, Cuttack district in Odisha, Krishna district in Andhra Pradesh and Mysore and Hassan in Karnataka. Bauxite deposits are found in Jharkhand, South-West Kashmir, Central Tamil Nadu, and parts of Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Karnataka.Belts of high quality mica are Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan. Gypsum reserves are in Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan. Nickel ore is found in Cuttack and Mayurbhanj in Odisha. Copper ore bearing areas are Agnigundala in Andhra Pradesh, Singhbhum in Jharkhand, Khetri and Dartiba in Rajasthan, and parts of Sikkim and Karnataka.The Ramagiri fields in Andhra Pradesh, Kolar and Hutti in Karnataka are important gold mines. The Panna diamond belt is the only diamond producing area in the country, which covers the districts of Panna, Chhatarpur and Satna in Madhya Pradesh, as well as some parts of Banda in Uttar Pradesh. Petroleum deposits are found in Assam and Gujarat. Fresh reserves were located off Mumbai Coast. The potential oil bearing areas are Assam, Tripura, Manipur, West Bengal, Punjab, Himachal, Kachchh and the Andamans. India also possesses the all-too-valuable nuclear Uranium as well as some varieties of rare Earths.The mineral wealth of India at present comprises an adequate range of useful products that are necessary for the industrial development of the country. An appraisal of the reserves shows that while in respect of minerals essential for basic industries coal and iron the reserves are ample, the country is deficient in a fairly long list of vital minerals like ores of copper, tin, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt and in sulphur and most important of all, petroleum.