Question

Mining companies have technology that can detect rock formations underneath Earth’s outer layer. One mining company detects an igneous rock formation underneath Earth’s outer layer. The geologists working for the company wonder if material in this igneous rock used to be sedimentary rock at Earth’s surface. Can material in sedimentary rock become igneous rock? Explain your answer.

Answer 1

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• Mining companies have technology that can detect rock formations underneath Earth's outer layer. One mining company detects an igneous rock formation underneath Earth's outer layer. The geologists working for the company wonder if material in this igneous rock used to be sedimentary rock at Earth's surface

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Answer 2

Yes, material in sedimentary rock can become igneous rock. This is because:

• When the sedimentary rocks undergo high temperature and high pressure, the material or mineral that is present inside the sedimentary rocks melts and forms magma. When this molten material cools, it hardens and forms crystals. This results in the formation of igneous rocks that can occur inside or at the surface of the earth.
• Examples of igneous rocks are- basalt, granite, pumice etc.

Note:

Igneous rocks can also be changed into sedimentary rocks by the process of weathering, erosion and deposition in which rocks are broken down into sediments which are eroded and deposited at other places by depositional agents such as wind, water etc.