Mohammed bin Tughlaq was called the mad king, then who was called the studious emperor?
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Answer:
Muhammad bin Tughlaq was sultan in 13th century from 1324AD to 1351AD. He did many things which resulted in Him bring remembered as Mad king.
He succeeded his father Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq and was one of the most controversial rulers in India History. He was the only Delhi Sultan who had received a comprehensive literary, religious and philosophical education. In spite of all his credentials, he is referred to as the wise fool in Indian History because he undertook numerous administrative reforms and most of them failed due to the lack of plan and judgement.
1. Tughlaq wanted to expand his territory, for that matter, he maintained huge army. For the maintenance of huge army, he ordered his subjects to pay more taxes. The burden of excessive taxation, farmers shifted their occupation to some other jobs as they could not pay taxes which resulted food scarcity and anarchy.
2. He introduced Token Currency. During 14th century, there was a shortage of silver throughout the world. He introduced copper coin at par with the value of silver coins which cause economic chaos. He then withdrew the copper coin and issues an order to the people to exchange copper coins with gold and silver coins from the royal treasury.
3. After, the failure of two reforms and in order to overcome financial difficulties. He increases the tax on the Ganga and Yamuna alluvial lands. Due to over burden of taxes, people abandoned their farming occupation and involved in robbery and thefts. Although, he took harsh measures to tackle the situation which cause huge loss of money. It is noteworthy that his reign meanwhile faced numerous famines also.When Tughlaq realized the problem but it was too late.