Question

MOLTEN SALTS AS NON-AQUEOUS
SOLVENTS.​

Answer 1

Explanation:

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When a solid salt melts, it forms a solution of the cations and anions. For example, KOH melts at temperatures above 400 °C and dissociates into K+ and OH- ions which can act as a solvent for chemical reactions. Because of the autodissociation of the OH- solvent, water is always present in a molten KOH flux, according to the acid-base equilibrium:

When a solid salt melts, it forms a solution of the cations and anions. For example, KOH melts at temperatures above 400 °C and dissociates into K+ and OH- ions which can act as a solvent for chemical reactions. Because of the autodissociation of the OH- solvent, water is always present in a molten KOH flux, according to the acid-base equilibrium:It follows that in this very basic solvent, water (the conjugate acid of the solvent) is the strongest acid that can exist. The conjugate base of the solvent, O2-, is the strongest base. This autodissociation equilibrium allows for the acidity of a flux to be easily tuned through the addition or boiling off of water. A "wet" flux is more acidic, and can dissolve metal oxides that contain the basic O2- anion. Conversely a "dry" flux is more basic and will cause oxides to precipitate. Molten hydroxide fluxes can thus be used in the synthesis of oxide crystals, such as the perovskite superconductor (K1-XBaXBiO3). Eutectic mixtures of NaOH and KOH are relatively low melting (≈ 200 °C) and can be used as solvents for crystallizing a variety of basic oxides.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

When a solid salt melts, it forms a solution of the cations and anions. For example, KOH melts at temperatures above 400 °C and dissociates into K+ and OH- ions which can act as a solvent for chemical reactions. Because of the autodissociation of the OH- solvent, water is always present in a molten KOH flux, according to the acid-base equilibrium: