Question

Mond's process and Zone refining of metals

Answer 1

Zone refining. This method is based on the principle that the impurities are more soluble in the melt than in the solid state of the metal.


e.g., Mond's process for extraction of nickel and Van-Arkel Method for preparing ultra pure titanium are based on the principle of vapour phaserefining.


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Answer 2

Zone refining of metals works on the principle that the impurities are more soluble in the melt state than in the solid state.

Mond's process is used for refining impurities of Ni, by vapor phase refining method

Refining of metals :

• The metal obtained by extraction is called crude metal, which often contains impurities
• Purification of crude metals by removing impurities is called as refining of metals.
• The impurities of crude metal contain unexchanged ore, residual flux, impurities of other metals, unremoved slag, etc.

Zone distillation method :

• This method works on the principle that the impurities are more soluble in the melt state than in the solid state.
• This method is very useful for producing semiconductors and other metals of high purity, for example: germanium, silicon boron, etc.
• When the metal rod is provided with a noble gas atmosphere, in the molten zone impurities get collected.

Mond`s process:

• In the vapor phase refining method, the metal is converted into the volatile compound and collected, then thermodynamically decomposed to give the pure metal.
• The volatile compound should be easily decomposable so that the metal discovery is very easy.
• Mond`s process: reagent use: CO
• It is used for Ni.
• Ni + impurities + 4CO ⇒$Ni(CO)_{4}$ which is volatile.
• When $Ni(CO)_{4}$ heated, it will purify the metal with impurities and gives pure metal, Ni and 4CO.

We can purify Ni metal by vapor phase refining method through Monds process and can produce semiconductors through zone refining of metals.

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