Morden methods of irrigation essay
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Answer:
MODERN METHODS OF IRRIGATION ARE OF TWO TYPES : 1) SPRINKLER IRRIGATION AND 2) DRIP IRRIGATION
1) Sprinkler Irrigation
It is an easy and simple method of irrigation nowadays. Water is provided to the fields by spraying water droplets, similar to rain, through pipes. Any loss of water is avoided in the sprinkler system. Problem of waterlogging is not present in this system. The balance of groundwater is also maintained.
2) Drip Irrigation
This method of irrigation is gaining popularity in areas with a scarcity of water. Narrow pipes with small holes are laid on the fields. When water flows through the pipes, it drips at the place of the roots of the plants. The roots absorb the water and supply it to the plants. Furthermore, no water is wasted in this method.
There are mainly two modern methods of irrigation. They are:
- Sprinkler System
- Drip System
Sprinkler System - In the sprinkler system of irrigation, a main pipeline is laid in the fields. Perpendicular pipes having rotating nozzles at the top are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When water from a tube-well is allowed to flow through the main pipeline under pressure with the help of a pump, it escapes from the rotating nozzles. This water gets sprinkled on the crop plants as if it is raining. The sprinkler system of irrigation is more useful for the uneven land where sufficient water is not available. The sprinkler system is also very useful for sandy soil.
Drip System - In the drip irrigation system, there is a network of narrow pipes with small holes, in the fields. Water flows through the narrow pipes, it falls drop by drop at the position of roots of the plants. This water is absorbed by the soil in the root zone of the plants and utilized by the plants. There is no wastage of water. Drip system is the best technique for irrigating.
Advantages of Drip Irrigation:
- In drip irrigation, water is not wasted at all.
- Drip irrigation minimizes the use of water.