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Reforestation (occasionally, Reafforestation) is the natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands (forestation) that have been depleted, usually through deforestation,but also after clearcutting.
Reforestation can be used to undo and rectify the effects of deforestation and improve the quality of human life by absorbing pollution and dust from the air, rebuilding natural habitats and ecosystems,reducing global warming via biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and harvesting for resources, particularly timber, but also non-timber forest products. Since the beginning of the 21st century, significant attention has been given to reforestation as a technique for reducing climate change as one of the best methods to do it. To this end, the international community has agreed on Sustainable Development Goal 15, which promotes implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, stop deforestation, restore degraded forests and increase afforestation and reforestation.
Though net loss of forest area has decreased substantially since 1990, the world is unlikely to achieve the target set forth in the United Nations Strategic Plan for Forests[6] to increase forest area by 3 percent by 2030. While deforestation is taking place in some areas, new forests are being established through natural expansion or deliberate efforts in others. As a result, the net loss of forest area is less than the rate of deforestation and it too is decreasing: from 7.8 million hectares per year in the 1990s to 4.7 million hectares per year during 2010–2020. In absolute terms, the global forest area decreased by 178 million hectares between 1990 and 2020, which is an area about the size of Libya .
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