More the micro-organisms in a body, more the number of diseases. Justify.
Answers
Explanation:
There is also strong evidence that microbes may contribute to many non–infectious chronic diseases such as some forms of cancer and coronary heart disease. Different diseases are caused by different types of micro-organisms. Microbes that cause disease are called pathogens.
Infectious disease Microbe that causes the disease Type of microbe
Cold Rhinovirus Virus
Chickenpox Varicella zoster Virus
German measles Rubella Virus
Whooping cough Bordatella pertussis Bacterium
Bubonic plague Yersinia pestis Bacterium
TB (Tuberculosis) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacterium
Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Protozoan
Ringworm Trichophyton rubrum Fungus
Athletes’ foot Trichophyton mentagrophytes Fungus
It is important to remember that:
A pathogen is a micro-organism that has the potential to cause disease.
An infection is the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microbes in an individual or population.
Disease is when the infection causes damage to the individual’s vital functions or systems.
An infection does not always result in disease!
To cause an infection, microbes must enter our bodies. The site at which they enter is known as the portal of entry.
Microbes can enter the body through the four sites listed below:
Respiratory tract (mouth and nose) e.g. influenza virus which causes the flu
Gastrointestinal tract (mouth oral cavity) e.g. Vibrio cholerae which causes cholera
Urogenital tract e.g. Escherichia coli which causes cystitis
Breaks in the skin surface e.g. Clostridium tetani which causes tetanus
To make us ill microbes have to:
reach their target site in the body
attach to the target site they are trying to infect so that they are not dislodged
multiply rapidly
obtain their nutrients from the host
avoid and survive attack by the host’s immune system
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