Question

Most parents at some stage are driven to distraction by one or more of their children's annoying habits or behaviors, whether it's a toddler who continually whines, a school aged child who leaves clothes lying around or a teenager who uses a less than perfect vocabulary.
2. How to effect change is a challenge for many parents. Do you ignore a child's
annoying behavior or do you pick up on it? A useful rule of thumb is to pick up on
behaviors that are dangerous to the child himself or significantly infringe on the
rights and comforts of others. Also ask yourself: Is this behavior reasonable for the
child's age? For instance, it is reasonable to expect an eight year old not to disturb you while you are on the phone for twenty minutes but it is not reasonable to expect the same of a two year old. It is also useful to take into account the child's current state of mind and what is going in their lives that may be related to some unusual behavior to occur at home.
3. The following four principles for changing your child's behavior will be effective if you are both patient and persistent. Change your initial response first. This is important because children's behaviour generally requires a pay-off, which may be your attention or an attempt to defeat you. The most important principle about changing children's behaviour is to change your own behaviour first. So, if your child whines to get his own way refrain from answering back or giving in.
4. Practice with your child the behavior that you want. The notion of behavior
rehearsal is fundamental to learning a new behavior. Don't just tell kids what to expect, get them to practice the behaviour you want. In the example of a young whiner - get him to practice asking for help or a treat in a normal voice.
5. Minimize the behavior you don't want. That means when children continue their old behavior despite your brilliant suggestions ignore it, side step it or implement a
consequence but don't nag or harp on it. Remember it takes time often to change
behavior, particularly if it has been happening for a long time. Spotlight the appropriate behavior. When your children behave in a desired way show your sincere appreciation.We often take children for granted or rather we are trained to give children no attention when they are good, but plenty when they are less than perfect. The behaviors we focus on expand so we need to focus our attention on desirable behaviors more than on the negative behaviors.
6. Like any process it will only work if you stick to it and follow it through. And don't be afraid to adapt it to suit your circumstances. Remember, it is the fact that you have a plan rather than the nature of the plan that is most powerful in achieving a change in your children's behavior.



a) Make notes on the passage in any suitable format using recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Give a title to your notes. 5 Marks .. b) Write a summary of the passage in not more than 80 words based on your notes. 3 Marks *

Answer 1

Answer:

if 3 8 4= 32 , 6 5 4= 40 ,5 9 2 =?