Question

Mutations occur naturally 1% of the time. Citing examples, explain how a mutation at a different base in a DNA sequence is harmful, helpful and neutral

Answer 1

Answer:

Genetic mutations take place at different stages of reproduction in asexual and sexual reproduction. Genetic variations commonly take place during DNA replication.

Harmful effects of these mutations:

If genetic mutations are too drastic, they may not be accepted by the cellular apparatus of the organism. This would mean that the organism will not be able to survive. This also implies that the harmful genetic mutation is not passed on. Muscular dystrophy is one such genetic mutation

Helpful effects of these mutations:

Certain mutations enable organisms to evolve and adapt to the environmental changes around them. Certain bacteria who develop a higher amount of resistance to heat may survive when temperatures rise in their environment.

Neutral effects of these mutations:

However, certain mutations may not benefit or detriment the activity of organisms. These changes are exemplified by silent mutations in humans.