Question

My question is growth occurs when anabolism exceed catabolism.for this I need a new definitions not the older

Answer 1

Anabolic reactions use up energy. They are endergonic. In an anabolic reaction small molecules join to make larger ones. For example, the following condensation reactions that occur in cells are anabolic:

amino acids join together to make dipeptides:

e.g. NH2CHRCOOH + NH2CHRCOOH --> NH2CHRCONHCHRCOOH + H2O

and the process continues as large protein molecules are built up or a simple example would be during photosynthesis carbon dioxide and water are used to produce glucose and oxygen:

e.g. 6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2

For catabolism reaction:

Catabolic reactions give out energy. They are exergonic. In a catabolic reaction large molecules are broken down into smaller ones. For example, the reverse of the condensation reactions described above, i.e. hydrolysis reactions, are catabolic.

A simple example of a catabolic reaction that occurs in cells is the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen:

2H2O2 --> 2H2O + O2

The conversion of glucose during respiration to produce carbon dioxide and water is another common example:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O