my thoughts on politics
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what is this
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what to do with iy
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Indian politics in a complex mixture of caste, creed, language, religion and ethnicity which are often tangled with each other in several levels and layers, which are manipulated time and again to gain popular support and ultimately the power. Broadly speaking, Indian politics -since independence has taken several turns and folds. I’ll be listing down the most important ones here:
Independence - From where it all began: At the time of Independence, Congress was the only political party in India which had the capability and resources to govern. Moreover, Congress was backed by the general support of every Indian for its role in Indian Freedom Struggle Movement. In fact, it won’t be an exaggeration to say that Congress back then was India and India was Congress, of course with a few resistance here and there. There resistances, however, were too small to be counted if India as a whole is considered. This hegemony of Congress would continue for several decades to come!
India Gandhi in power: By the time, Indira Gandhi came to power, India was already down with corruption. The bureaucracy, the police and even many Congress Party leaders themselves was indulged in corruption. Many senior Congress leaders were looking for Indira Gandhi as PM because they thought Indira was weak and could be easily controlled. However, no sooner did Indira Gandhi capture India’s highest authority, she became the real boss. Initially, she made several strong decisions and was even compared to Goddess Durga but eventually corruption, continuous famine, growing unemployment and irregularities in Sanjay Gandhi’s Maruti project made her quiet unpopular. Indian media was reporting extensively about her in a negative way. Later, the emergency added fuel to this negative image of Indira Gandhi. She was called a dictator!
The first non-congress PM: As soon as the emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi was lifted and the general elections were announced, the Janta party coalition campaigned tirelessly against Indira Gandhi. Thus she was voted out of power in favour of the Janata Party, whose leader Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress prime minister.
The Sikh riots (1984): Indira Gandhi’s assassination pulled off riots in several parts of India, especially Delhi, and the Hindus were mobilized against Sikhs. This was the official beginning of extensive communal politics in Indian political context. The previous riots either had no direct involvement of politicians.
The rise of BJP: During Rajiv Gandhi’s regime, the Bhartiya Janta Pary (BJP) worked on ground to inject hardcore communal feelings in Indian society. This was the time when the three temple movements began which led to the demolition of Babri Masjid (1992) in Ayodhya. BJP gained significant vote share in Uttar Pradesh and other Hindi speaking states like Haryana, Bihar, Rajasthan, Punjab & Madhya Pradesh.
The 2004 General elections: This election is important for two reasons. 1) Congress led United Progressive Alliance came to power after long under the able leadership of Sonia Gandhi ‘Maino’. The Congress was again getting popular support from the lower middle class, poor, and farmers. A newspaper quoted that ‘it was the most beautiful moment in India’s politics after independence. An Italy-born lady (Sonia Gandhi) was handing over the most powerful position to a Sikh (Manmohan Singh) in presence of a Muslim President (APJ Abdul Kalam). 2) This however, was also the beginning of the final decline of Congress. As a matter of fact, when it was decided that Congress was making government in centre and Sonia Gandhi could be the next PM, two prime Congress leaders wrote their resignation letter telling they can’t see an Italy-born lady ruling India. Though the UPA-1 coalition performed well, the congress was weakening from inside.
The 2014 General elections: Gujarat 2002 riots famed CM Narendra Modi was made the PM candidate by BJP. He had an image of staunch Hindu leader but immediately before 2014 elections Modi redesigned his image as ‘Vikas Purush’ who would develop India on the lines of ‘Gujarat model’. Thus, Modi was carrying two images simultaneously during the 2014 election campaign: 1) The staunch Hindu leader who would ‘teach Pakistan a lesson’ and didn’t care much about Muslims and 2) The Vikas Purush who would develop India as he developed Gujarat. Thus, Modi was hope for every section of Indian society. This election was officially the death of word ‘secularism’ from Indian politics.
Of course, caste-colour-language-Kashmir-Pakistan-religion-etc were playing important roles in shifting the political dynamics of India at the societal level, which can’t be ignored at all. This answer however describes a very broad sense of Indian political dynamics over time.
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