Na, Mg and Al are the elements of the 3rd period of the Modern Periodic Table having group number 1, 2 and 13 respectively. Which one of these elements has the (a) highest valency, (b) largest atomic radius, and (c) maximum chemical reactivity? Justify your answer stating the reason for each.
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
As the elements Na, Mg and Al belong to the same period (3rd period) and group 1, 2 and 13 respectively. Hence the electronic configurations of these three elements can be written as follows:-
Sodium, Na (11) = 2, 8, 1
Magnesium, Mg (12) = 2, 8, 2
Aluminium, Al (13) = 2, 8, 3
(a) The element which can lose or gain maximum number of electron will have the maximum valency. Here, Aluminium having configuration 2, 8, 3 will lose all 3 valence electrons to attain stable configuration hence it will have highest valency among all.
(b) As all three elements belong to the same radius in order Na(11), Mg(12), Al(13) and we know that the atomic size decreases on moving from left to right across a period. Therefore the element having the largest atomic radius will be sodium (Na).
(c) The given three elements are metals and we know that the the chemical reactivity of a metal is determined by its metallic character, i.e., its tendency to lose the valence electrons.
Now, the tendency to lose the electrons dereases across the period, i.e., from left to right. So, the element having highest chemical reactivity is sodium (Na).
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Answer:
Mg has highest valency
Al largest atomic no..
Na max. chemical reactivity..
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