Question

name 30 Elements symbols and valency
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Answer 1

Answer:

Valency and Oxidation State

Electrons that are found in the outermost shell are generally known as valence electrons and the number of valence electrons determines the valency (or valence) of an atom.

The valencies of the elements belonging to the s-block and the p-block of the periodic table are generally calculated as the number of valence electron or eight minus the number of valence electrons.

For the d-block and f-block elements, valency is determined not only on the basis of valence electrons but also on d and f orbital electrons. However, the general valencies of these d and f block elements are 2 and 3.

The general oxidation state of the elements of the periodic table is illustrated in the chart provided below.

Oxidation State and Valency Chart

Oxidation State and Valency Chart

Valency of First 30 Elements

The valency of the first 30 elements of the periodic table is given below.

Element Atomic Number Valency

Valency of Hydrogen 1 1

Valency of Helium 2 0

Valency of Lithium 3 1

Valency of Beryllium 4 2

Valency of Boron 5 3

Valency of Carbon 6 4

Valency of Nitrogen 7 3

Valency of Oxygen 8 2

Valency of Fluorine 9 1

Valency of Neon 10 0

Valency of Sodium (Na) 11 1

Valency of Magnesium (Mg) 12 2

Valency of Aluminium 13 3

Valency of Silicon 14 4

Valency of Phosphorus 15 3

Valency of Sulphur 16 2

Valency of Chlorine 17 1

Valency of Argon 18 0

Valency of Potassium (K) 19 1

Valency of Calcium 20 2

Valency of Scandium 21 3

Valency of Titanium 22 4

Valency of Vanadium 23 5,4

Valency of Chromium 24 2

Valency of Manganese 25 7, 4, 2

Valency of Iron (Fe) 26 2, 3

Valency of Cobalt 27 3, 2

Valency of Nickel 28 2

Valency of Copper (Cu) 29 2, 1

Valency of Zinc 30 2

Periodic Trends in the Oxidation States of Elements

1. Variation Of Oxidation State Along a Period

While moving left to right across a period, the number of valence electrons of elements increases and varies between 1 to 8. But the valency of elements, when combined with H or O first, increases from 1 to 4 and then it reduces to zero. Consider two compounds containing oxygen Na2O and F2O. In F2O, the electronegativity of F is more than oxygen. Hence, each of F atoms will attract one electron from oxygen i.e. F will show -1 oxidation state and O will show +2 oxidation state. Whereas, in the case of Na2O, oxygen is highly electronegative than sodium atom. So oxygen will attract two electrons from each sodium atom showing -2 oxidation state and Na will have +1 oxidation state. The oxidation state of the element represents the charge possessed by an atom due to the loss or gain of electrons (due to the electronegativity difference between the combining atoms) in the molecule.

Explanation:

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