Name and discuss the scheme involved in deciding the distribution of various electrons in energy shells.
Answers
Answer:
According to Bohr Bury Scheme, the electronic distribution in the first four shells is: K(2), L(8), M(18), N(8). Outermost shell can not have more than 8 electrons and K-shell can have a maximum of two electrons.
Explanation:
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Answer:
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Explanation:
By convention, elements are organized in the periodic table, a structure that captures important patterns in their behavior. Devised by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev (1834–1907) in 1869, the table places elements into columns—groups—and rows—periods—that share certain properties. These properties determine an element’s physical state at room temperature—gas, solid, or liquid—as well as its chemical reactivity, the ability to form chemical bonds with other atoms.
In addition to listing the atomic number for each element, the periodic table also displays the element’s relative atomic mass, the weighted average for its naturally occurring isotopes on earth. Looking at hydrogen, for example, its symbol, \text{H,}H,start text, H, comma, end text and name appear, as well as its atomic number of one—in the upper left-hand corner—and its relative atomic mass of 1.01.
Differences in chemical reactivity between elements are based on the number and spatial distribution of their electrons. If two atoms have complementary electron patterns, they can react and form a chemical bond, creating a molecule or compound. As we will see below, the periodic table organizes elements in a way that reflects their number and pattern of electrons, which makes it useful for predicting the reactivity of an element: how likely it is to form bonds, and with which other elements.
An early model of the atom was developed in 1913 by the Danish scientist Niels Bohr (1885–1962). The Bohr model shows the atom as a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with the electrons in circular electron shells at specific distances from the nucleus, similar to planets orbiting around the sun. Each electron shell has a different energy level, with those shells closest to the nucleus being lower in energy than those farther from the nucleus. By convention, each shell is assigned a number and the symbol n—for example, the electron shell closest to the nucleus is called 1n. In order to move between shells, an electron must absorb or release an amount of energy corresponding exactly to the difference in energy between the shells. For instance, if an electron absorbs energy from a photon, it may become excited and move to a higher-energy shell; conversely, when an excited electron drops back down to a lower-energy shell, it will release energy, often in the form of heat.