Name any 5 protozoans
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five kinds of protozoa:-
1) Paramecium
2) Amoeba
3) Amoeba Proteus
4) Euglena
5) Globe algae
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Examples of Protozoa
1. Amoeba:
Amoeba is a protozoan that has no specific shape. It is the most common protozoa found in fresh water. They live individually and can move in search of food. Most freshwater bacteria are microscopic while marine ones are visible to naked eye.
The structure is so simple with no specialized appendages or sexual parts. They move by pseudopodia which are the extensions of cell membrane and cytoplasm. The cell has a contractile vacuole which helps to remove excess water from the cell. Since the cell cytoplasm is hypertonic than the surrounding fresh water, the water tends to accumulate inside the cell. This water is expelled out by the vacuole.
They do not have the mouth but just engulf solid particles by phagocytosis from any point of the cytoplasmic membrane. They also drink dissolved form of liquid nutrients by pinocytosis. Their food includes live microbes like bacteria and also dead organic matter.
They reproduce by binary fission asexually. But recent studies show them to even have sexual means of reproduction. Some types of amoeba also cause severe diseases to humans.
2. Euglena:
Euglena is an eye-shaped freshwater protozoan. They impart the green color to the water ponds when grown extensively. Unlike amoeba, they have well developed with cell organelles like eyespot (Stigma), flagella, etc.
Unlike amoeba, they can act as autotrophs, as they make their own food. The eyespot contains chlorophyll like pigment by which they perform photosynthesis. They can also live as heterotrophs and eat external substances. Hence they have both plant and animal characters.
3. Paramecium: This is a slipper-shaped protozoan. It has cilia all over its body surface. These cilia help in its locomotion.
They are found in freshwater and more evolved than the amoeba. They have a mouth, cilia and also go for sexual reproduction.
Disease-causing protozoa
4. Entamoeba histolytica: This is an amoeba which infects large intestine and other tissues. It spreads through contaminated water and food. It is anaerobic and resides in the low oxygen atmosphere.
The infection causes severe pain in the abdomen and loose stools with mucus. Unlike typical amoeba, it has a single pseudopod. It is a mono-genetic parasite, i.e., completes its life cycle in man (single host). In the intestine, it resides in the mucous and sub-mucus layers. It secretes an enzyme namely “Histolysin” which dissolves the mucus tissue.
5. Trichomonas vaginalis; This is a protozoan which causes vaginal infection. It is a type of sexually transmitted diseases. The protozoa are flagellate and are anaerobic.
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Examples of Protozoa
1. Amoeba:
Amoeba is a protozoan that has no specific shape. It is the most common protozoa found in fresh water. They live individually and can move in search of food. Most freshwater bacteria are microscopic while marine ones are visible to naked eye.
The structure is so simple with no specialized appendages or sexual parts. They move by pseudopodia which are the extensions of cell membrane and cytoplasm. The cell has a contractile vacuole which helps to remove excess water from the cell. Since the cell cytoplasm is hypertonic than the surrounding fresh water, the water tends to accumulate inside the cell. This water is expelled out by the vacuole.
They do not have the mouth but just engulf solid particles by phagocytosis from any point of the cytoplasmic membrane. They also drink dissolved form of liquid nutrients by pinocytosis. Their food includes live microbes like bacteria and also dead organic matter.
They reproduce by binary fission asexually. But recent studies show them to even have sexual means of reproduction. Some types of amoeba also cause severe diseases to humans.
2. Euglena:
Euglena is an eye-shaped freshwater protozoan. They impart the green color to the water ponds when grown extensively. Unlike amoeba, they have well developed with cell organelles like eyespot (Stigma), flagella, etc.
Unlike amoeba, they can act as autotrophs, as they make their own food. The eyespot contains chlorophyll like pigment by which they perform photosynthesis. They can also live as heterotrophs and eat external substances. Hence they have both plant and animal characters.
3. Paramecium: This is a slipper-shaped protozoan. It has cilia all over its body surface. These cilia help in its locomotion.
They are found in freshwater and more evolved than the amoeba. They have a mouth, cilia and also go for sexual reproduction.
Disease-causing protozoa
4. Entamoeba histolytica: This is an amoeba which infects large intestine and other tissues. It spreads through contaminated water and food. It is anaerobic and resides in the low oxygen atmosphere.
The infection causes severe pain in the abdomen and loose stools with mucus. Unlike typical amoeba, it has a single pseudopod. It is a mono-genetic parasite, i.e., completes its life cycle in man (single host). In the intestine, it resides in the mucous and sub-mucus layers. It secretes an enzyme namely “Histolysin” which dissolves the mucus tissue.
5. Trichomonas vaginalis; This is a protozoan which causes vaginal infection. It is a type of sexually transmitted diseases. The protozoa are flagellate and are anaerobic.
HOPE YOU GOT IT
PLEASE MARK THE ANSWER AS BRAINLIST.
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