Question

Name any four useful plant fibres other than cotton. Write a short note on
each of them

Answer 1

Plant fibres are obtained from various parts of plants, such as the seeds (cotton, kapok, milkweed), stems (flax, jute, hemp, ramie, kenaf, nettle, bamboo), and leaves (sisal, manila, abaca), fruit (coir) and other grass fibres. Fibres from these plants can be considered to be totally renewable and biodegradable.

seed-hair and other fibres

• akund floss (Calotropis procera and C. gigantea)
• bagasse (Saccharum officinarum)
• bamboo (various species)
• bombax cotton (Bombax species)
• coir (Cocos nucifera)
• cotton (Gossypium species)
• floss-silk tree (Ceiba speciosa)
• kapok (Ceiba pentandra)

1.Cotton

• Cotton is a soft fibre that is obtained from cotton plants and grows as a boll.
• It is mainly grown in regions having black soil and warm conditions.
• In India cotton is basically grown in Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat etc.
• It is one of the most commonly used fibres.
• When cotton plants start flowering, they give flowers of yellowish-white colour which turns red after a few days.
• Slowly, flowers change into cotton balls.

2. Jute

• Jute fibre is obtained only from the stem of the jute plants. It is mainly grown in the rainy season.
• Jute mainly grows in regions having alluvial soil which is found in the delta regions of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers.
• In India, jute is basically grown in the states of Bihar, West Bengal and Assam.
• Jute is sometimes also called as the golden fibre. It is soft, shiny and long fibre with a silky texture.
• Jute plant is about 3 meters in height and bears yellow flowers in a few months.
• At flowering stage only, jute plants are cut and a good quality fibre is obtained at this stage.
• The dry leaves of the plants are kept in water for a few days.
• During this time, the liquid skin moves out to separate the fibre and this process is known as retting.

Answer 2

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