Question

Name at least 5 diseases from which crops are affected. Also mention their preventive measures.​

Answer 1

Plant diseases are a significant yield and quality constraint for growers of broadacre crops in Western Australia.

Plant pathogens can be fungal, bacterial, viral or nematodes and can damage plant parts above or below the ground. Identifying symptoms and knowing when and how to effectively control diseases is an ongoing challenge for WA growers of cereals (wheat, barley, oats and triticale), pulses (field pea, chickpea, faba bean), canola and lupin crops.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development has a strong research, development and extension focus to assist industry to reduce the impact of crop diseases on all broadacre crops.

Results of extensive field/lab/glass house research and surveys across the WA grainbelt every year contribute to disease management packages and forecasting tools, and identify new incursions of crop pathogens or strains into WA.

The department also gathers and extends industry disease reports (PestFax), provides a disease diagnosis service and a broad range of management information for specific foliar and root diseases and viruses

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Answer 2

Moist Leaf disease, coffee leaf rust, root knot, blast disease, fragile stem disease are some of the diseases which have occurred in crops.

Explanation:

• There are a large number of microorganisms such as virus and bacteria that causes seasons in crop.

• This occurs due to the over utilisation of pesticides and insecticides that reduce the immunity of the plants. In addition to this there are also large number of insects that help in the spread of diseases from the affected plant to other parts of the plant used as a result of this bio friendly pesticides and insecticides should be used to prevent such diseases.

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