Question

Name some ancient civilizations flourished in the tropical monsoon regions along with their sites.​

Answer 1

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There is one bygone civilization, which came to my mind, right after having read your question, which is Srivijaya. Srivijaya flourished between the 7th and 13th century CE. It comprised of Sumatra, the western part of Java, and the southern peninsula of Malaya. It was a conglomeration of city states, with centers at Palembang on the island of Sumatra, and ancient Chaya which was nearby the present city of Surat Thani in southern Thailand. This area in particular became rich because of the two different monsoons, the summer monsoon blowing from the southwest, and the winter monsoon blowing from northeast. It was the era before sailing ships were able to cross against the wind that goods were shipped from India to China and vice versa using the monsoon winds. Ships were sailing from India to the western coast of the peninsula, from there were transported overland to the eastern coast, stored there until the next year’s summer monsoon, to continue the journey toward China. From China to India it was the other way round. Thus the journey around the southern tip of the Malayan peninsula (nowadays Singapore) was not needed. Especially Chaya became very rich by the commerce going through their country by providing depots for the goods and sailing ships for ongoing sea transport. At the same time Srivijaya became first a centre of Hinduism and later Buddhism from India, and bringing Chinese Culture and philosophy on the way back, apart from the trading goods going in both directions.

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Answer 2

Answer:

There is one bygone civilization, which came to my mind, right after having read your question, which is Srivijaya. Srivijaya flourished between the 7th and 13th century CE. It comprised of Sumatra, the western part of Java, and the southern peninsula of Malaya. It was a conglomeration of city states, with centers at Palembang on the island of Sumatra, and ancient Chaya which was nearby the present city of Surat Thani in southern Thailand. This area in particular became rich because of the two different monsoons, the summer monsoon blowing from the southwest, and the winter monsoon blowing from northeast. It was the era before sailing ships were able to cross against the wind that goods were shipped from India to China and vice versa using the monsoon winds. Ships were sailing from India to the western coast of the peninsula, from there were transported overland to the eastern coast, stored there until the next year’s summer monsoon, to continue the journey toward China. From China to India it was the other way round. Thus the journey around the southern tip of the Malayan peninsula (nowadays Singapore) was not needed. Especially Chaya became very rich by the commerce going through their country by providing depots for the goods and sailing ships for ongoing sea transport. At the same time Srivijaya became first a centre of Hinduism and later Buddhism from India, and bringing Chinese Culture and philosophy on the way back, apart from the trading goods going in both directions.