Question

Name the body structure concerned with the given
functional activity:
(a) Prevents food from entering the trachea during
swallowing
(b) Transports oxygen to the body cells.
(c) Helps to increase the volume of the chest cavity
lengthwise.
(d) Combines with the oxygen in the lungs.
(e) Protects the lungs from mechanical injuries.
(f) Provides actual diffusion of respiratory gases
in lungs.​

Answer 1

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(a) Which Prevents food from entering the trachea during  swallowing?

Epiglottis prevents the entry of food into trachea and larynx (voice box).

$\pink{ \boxed{Epiglottis: }}$

➠ Epiglottis is the small lid/leaf  like elastic cartilage  located just above the larynx & glottis.

➠ It prevents entry of food into wind pipe while swallowing and directing it to move through oesophagus.

➠ It is connected to thyroid cartilage.

(b) Which Transports oxygen to the body cells ?

Hemoglobin transports oxygen to the body cells

$\pink{ \boxed{Hemoglobin: }}$

⇢ Hemoglobin can be split as Heam + Globin

⇢ Haem: Iron & Porphyrin are collectively considered as heam.

⇢ Globin : a protein, made of 4 polypeptide chains.

⇢ It binds with oxygen and it is in red colour help for oxygen flow through out the body.

(c) Helps to increase the volume of the chest cavity?

Diaphragm helps to "increase the volume" of chest cavity lengthwise.

$\pink{ \boxed{Diapharagm: }}$

✪ Diaphragm is the radial phernic muscle.

✪ It is umberlla shaped.

✪ It is the division of thoracic and abdominal chamber.

✪ It its mainly involved in inhalation and exhalation.

(d) Which  Combines with the oxygen in the lungs?

Hemoglobin  combines with the oxygen in lungs.

$\pink{ \boxed{Hemoglobin: }}$

✧ It is mainly involved in combing with oxygen and helps in transport of blood through out the body.

(e) Which  Protects the lungs from mechanical injuries?

Rib cage Protects the lungs from mechanical injuries

$\pink{ \boxed{Rib\: cage : }}$

✯ Strong protective layer of the lungs

✯ Rib + rib muscles collectively called as rib cage.

✯ Helps to protect lungs and other parts from any external injuries.

(f) Which Provides actual diffusion of respiratory gases  in lungs.?

The body structure that is the site for actual diffusion of respiratory gases are the alveoli and the capillaries.

$\pink{ \boxed{Alveoli : }}$

❆ Fundamental unit of lungs.

❆ Made of 300 million+ nephrons in both lungs

❆ Both lungs alveoli are considered as air sacs.

❆ Involved in air exchange.

ℌope ℑt ℌelps