Name the following:
(i) Hereditary congenital defect caused due to the absence of both B and
T cells.
(ii) Blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood from the lower parts of
the body to right auricle.
Answers
Answer:
aerobic (air-OH-bik) activity: Aerobic activity is any kind of movement that makes the muscles use oxygen and gets the heart pumping. Swimming, dancing, and soccer are all types of aerobic activity.
anesthesia (ah-nes-THEE-zhuh): Medicine that causes sleepiness and prevents pain during surgery.
angina (an-JY-nuh): People with angina feel a pain in the chest that means the heart isn't getting enough oxygen.
angioplasty (AN-jee-uh-plas-tee): This operation opens a blocked blood vessel by using a balloon-like device at an artery's narrowest point. The surgeon also may insert a stent, which is a tiny tube that props the vessel open and makes sure that blood can flow freely through it.
aorta (ay-OR-tah): The aorta is the major blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.
aortic stenosis (ay-OR-tik steh-NOH-sis): This is when the aortic valve is stiffened and has a narrowed opening (stenosis). It does not open properly, which increases strain on the heart because the left ventricle has to pump harder to send blood out to the body.
aortic valve: The aortic valve is one of two valves that control the flow of blood as it leaves the heart. (The other is the pulmonary valve.) These valves work to keep the blood flowing forward. They open up to let the blood move ahead, then close quickly to keep the blood from flowing backward.
arrhythmia (uh-RITH-mee-uh): An arrhythmia is an abnormal heartbeat usually caused by an electrical "short circuit" in the heart. It can cause the heart to pump too fast, too slow, or irregularly, which may lead to shortness of breath, dizziness, and chest pain.
arteries and veins: As part of the circulatory system, these help the body send blood to and from your body parts. Arteries, which usually look red, carry blood away from the heart. Veins, which usually look blue, return blood to the heart.
arteriosclerosis (ar-TEER-ee-oh-skluh-ROH-sus): Also called hardening of the arteries, arteriosclerosis means the arteries become thickened and less flexible.
atria (AY-tree-uh): The two chambers at the top of the heart are called the atria. The atria are the chambers that fill with the blood returning to the heart from the body and lungs. The heart has a left atrium and a right atrium.
atrial septal (AY-tree-uhl SEP-tuhl) defect (ASD): ASD is a hole in the heart wall (called the septum) that separates the left atrium and the right atrium.
atrioventricular (AY-tree-oh-ven-TRIK-yoo-lar) canal defect: This defect — also known as endocardial cushion defect or atrioventricular septal defect — is caused by a poorly formed central area of the heart. Typically, there is a large hole between the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) and, often, an additional hole between the lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles). Instead of two separate valves allowing flow into the heart, there is one large common valve that might be quite malformed.
atrium (AY-tree-uhm): The two upper chambers of the heart are called the atria. They are the chambers that fill with the blood returning to the heart from the body and lungs. The heart has a left atrium and a right atrium.
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B
bacterial endocarditis (bak-TEER-ee-ul en-doh-kar-DYE-tus): This infection in the heart happens when bacteria travel through the blood and get stuck on a heart valve. People with congenital heart disease or heart valve problems are most at risk of getting bacterial endocarditis.
blood pressure: This is a measurement that tells how hard the heart is pumping to move blood through the blood vessels. Blood pressure can be too high or too low.
blood vessels: Blood moves through many tubes called arteries and veins, which together are called blood vessels. The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called arteries. The ones that carry blood back to the heart are called veins.
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C
capillary (KAP-ih-lair-ee): A capillary is an extremely small, thin blood vessel that allows oxygen to pass from the blood into the tissues of the body. Waste products like carbon dioxide pass from the tissues to the blood through the capillaries.
cardiac catheterization (KAR-dee-ak ka-thuh-ter-uh-ZAY-shun): A cardiac catheterization is a medical procedure that provides information about the heart structures and function. Doctors can measure pressure and blood oxygen levels within the heart chambers.
cardiologist (kar-dee-AHL-uh-jist): This doctor specializes in diagnosing and treating heart conditions, like heart murmurs and high blood pressure. A pediatric cardiologist cares for babies, children, and teens with heart problems.
cardiovascular (kar-dee-oh-VAS-kyuh-ler) disease: Cardiovascular disease is a group of problems that occur when the heart and blood vessels aren't working properly
(ii) Vena Cava(great veins)