name the four main steps involved in the extraction of a metal from its ore
Answers
Answer:
Less reactive metals such as Ag, Au, Pt, etc. are extracted by amalgamation or cyanide process. The various process involved in the extraction of pure metals from their ores are : Concentration or Benefaction of the ore
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Answer:
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Explanation:
The occurrence of metals in nature is only a part of the process, these metals also have to be extracted. Metallurgy is the process of extracting metals. The basic step of extracting metals is called concentration of ores.
Concentration of Ores
The ores contain a lot of impurities that need to be filtered. The filtration of these impurities from ores is known as concentration. Concentration can be done by gravity separation or hydraulic washings, or froth flotation process.
Metals of high reactivity level
Metals in the top of the reactivity level i.e. metals like sodium, magnesium, calcium, etc cannot be obtained from their compound by heating with carbon as they are very reactive. Electrolytic reduction is used to obtain such metals.
Metals of medium reactivity level
Metals in the middle of the reactivity series i.e metals like lead, zinc, copper, etc are moderately reactive and are generally present as carbonates or sulphides. Sulphides ores are converted into oxides by heating strongly in the presence of excess air. Sulphur impurities can escape as gas, this process is known as roasting. Carbonates ores are calcinated to eliminate carbonate and moisture impurities. Calcination is a process where the ore is converted into oxides by heating strongly in the presence of excess air.
Metals of low reactivity level
Metals that aren’t very reactive are placed low in the reactivity series. These metals can be reduced to metals by heating alone. For example, Mercury is procured from its ore, cinnabar (HgS), by the process of heating. Copper can also be obtained from its sulphide ore (Cu2S) by heating.