Question

Name the harmones released in pitutary gland.Mention it's functions.​

Answer 1

Answer:

The Pituitary gland, also known as the hypophysis, is a pea-sized endocrine gland situated at the base of our brain. It is often referred to as the ‘Master Gland’ because it produces some of the important hormones in the body. It is situated in a bony structure called the Pituitary fossa, just below the hypothalamus, close to the optic nerve. The pituitary gland is divided into three parts, also called lobes:

★)Anterior pituitary

★)Intermediate pituitary (Absent in adult human beings)

★)Posterior pituitary

FUNCTION :-

A healthy adult human’s pituitary gland consists of two parts – the Anterior and the Posterior parts. The Intermediate pituitary regresses during gestation and is absent in adult humans.

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Answer 2

The pituitary gland is a small pea-sized gland that plays a major role in regulating vital body functions and general wellbeing. It is referred to as the body's 'master gland' because it controls the activity of most other hormone-secreting glands.

The anterior pituitary gland produces the following hormones and releases them into the bloodstream:  

• adrenocorticotropic hormone, which stimulates the adrenal glands to secrete steroid hormones, principally cortisol    
• growth hormone, which regulates growth, metabolism and body composition      
• luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone, also known as gonadotrophins. They act on the ovaries or testes to stimulate sex hormone production, and egg and sperm maturity  
• , which stimulates milk production    
• thyroid stimulating hormone, which stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormones.

Each of these hormones is made by a separate type of cell within the pituitary gland, except for follicle stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone, which are made together by the same cell.

Two hormones are produced by the hypothalamus and then stored in the posterior pituitary gland before being secreted into the bloodstream. These are:    

• anti-diuretic hormone (also called vasopressin), which controls water balance and blood pressure    
• oxytocin, which stimulates uterine contractions during labour and milk secretion during breastfeeding.

Between the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary lies the intermediate pituitary gland. Cells here produce:

• melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which acts on cells in the skin to stimulate the production of melanin.

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