Question

Name the infective stage of plasmodium which and feels mosquito takes in along with the blood meal from infected human

Answer 1

Plasmodium parasites have an elaborate life-cyle with multiple stages:

Infective stage, when the parasite enters the vertebrate host with a vector bite.  This life stage is known as sporozoite.Exoerythrocytic stage, in which the sporozoite undergoes multiple rounds of asexual divisions (merogony or schizongony) and maturesk into merozoites.Erythrocytic stages, during which the organisms enter red blood cells (as merozoites), transform into the feeding stages (trophozoites), and then divide asexually into multiple new merozoites (schizont stage).  During the schizont stage, some parasites differentiate into the reproductive forms (gametocytes) rather than the invasive merozoites.  Gametocytes are classified as microgametocytes (that will become male gametes) and macrogametocytes (that will become female gametes).  The gametocytes must mature through five stages before they become infective to the mosquito.





Left: P. vivax in early trophozoite "ring" stage. Center: P. vivax, schizont stage. Right: P. falciparum, mature macrogametocyte.

Reproductive stages, these begin when the vector takes a blood meal from the vertebrate host that contains mature gametocytes.  In the vector the gametocytes transform into male and female gametes and merge to become a zygote (the only diploid stage in the organism's life-cycle).  The zygote becomes an ookinate which invades the tissues of the vector midgut to become an oocyst.  When the oocyst ruptures thousands of sporozoitesemerge and travel to the vector's salivary glands, as it is through the saliva that they will enter the next vertebrate host.Plasmodium parasites have an elaborate life-cyle with multiple stages:

Infective stage, when the parasite enters the vertebrate host with a vector bite.  This life stage is known as sporozoite.Exoerythrocytic stage, in which the sporozoite undergoes multiple rounds of asexual divisions (merogony or schizongony) and matures into merozoites.Erythrocytic stages, during which the organisms enter red blood cells (as merozoites), transform into the feeding stages (trophozoites), and then divide asexually into multiple new merozoites (schizont stage).  During the schizont stage, some parasites differentiate into the reproductive forms (gametocytes) rather than the invasive merozoites.  Gametocytes are classified as microgametocytes (that will become male gametes) and macrogametocytes (that will become female gametes).  The gametocytes must mature through five stages before they become infective to the mosquito.





Left: P. vivax in early trophozoite "ring" stage. Center: P. vivax, schizont stage. Right: P. falciparum, mature macrogametocyte.

Reproductive stages, these begin when the vector takes a blood meal from the vertebrate host that contains mature gametocytes.  In the vector the gametocytes transform into male and female gametes and merge to become a zygote (the only diploid stage in the organism's life-cycle).  The zygote becomes an ookinate which invades the tissues of the vector midgut to become an oocyst.  When the oocyst ruptures thousands of sporozoitesemerge and travel to the vector's salivary glands, as it is through the saliva that they will enter the next vertebrate host.




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