Name the major nutrients in our food.
Answers
Nutrients: Carbohydrates, Protein , Fat , Vitamins and minerals
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The major nutrients in our food are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.
(i) Carbohydrates- Carbohydrates are the main energy source for the brain. Carbohydrates can be grouped into two categories: simple and complex. Sources include fruits, breads and grains, starchy vegetables and sugars.
(ii) Fats- Fat is an energy source that when consumed, increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins including vitamins A, D, E and K. The fat in food includes a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fat. Animal-based foods such as meats and milk products are higher in saturated fat whereas most vegetable oils are higher in unsaturated fat.
(iii) Proteins- Protein is the major structural component of cells and is responsible for the building and repair of body tissues. Main sources of protein are animal products like meat, fish, poultry, milk, cheese and eggs and vegetable sources like legumes (beans, lentils, dried peas, nuts) and seeds.
(iv) Vitamins- Vitamins help to regulate chemical reactions in the body. There are 13 vitamins, including vitamins A, B complex, C, D, E, and K. Vitamins are not a source of energy.
(v) Minerals- Minerals are components of foods that are involved in many body functions. For example, calcium and magnesium are important for bone structure, and iron is needed for our red blood cells to transport oxygen.