Name the organ systems that help us to maintain homoeostasis
Answers
Endocrine system is important in maintaining homeostasis. Hormones exist that operate in opposite ways. For example, insulin lowers blood glucose levels while glucagon raises blood glucose levels.
Calcium Homeostasis
● Parathyroid Gland , Thyroid Gland are the endocrine glands which are responsible for regulation of calcium homoeostasis.
● Calcitriol hormone released by kidney also helps in this regulation.
Process of calcium homoeostasis by the two glands is described below -
BY PARATHYROID GLAND :
》This gland secretes a hormone called parathormone (PTH) which is a hypercalcemic hormone.
》PTH regulates the level of calcium ions in the blood.
》When the level of calcium in the blood decreases, parathyroid gland gets stimulated and releases parathormone.
》Parathormone then causes resorption or demineralisation of the bone. It means PTH acts on bones and mobilises the calcium ions from the bones to the blood.
》Thus this hormone helps in increasing the blood calcium levels when it becomes low.
BY CALCITRIOL HORMONE
》PTH also stimulates kidney to release Calcitriol Hormone.
》This hormone absorbs Calcium ions from foods present in the gastrointestinal tract thereby increasing the blood Calcium levels.
BY THYROID GLAND :
》When the calcium level in the blood is high, Thyroid Gland gets stimulated and parafollicular cells of thyroid gland releases a hormone called Calcitonin.
》Calcitonin is a hypocalcemic hormone.
》It helps in deposition of blood calcium ions in the bone matrix thereby decreasing the blood calcium levels
》Hence, the blood calcium levels gets regulated.
This is the overall process of hormonal regulation of calcium homoeostasis by hormones released from different endocrine glands.