Question

name the organic priduct obtained when benzene is treated with excess of chlorine in presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride​

Answer 1

Answer:

chloro benzene is formed as substituents in place of hydrogen.

Answer 2

The organic product obtained when benzene is treated with excess of chlorine in presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride​

Explanation:

Aromatic Compounds  

1. It Means aroma (pleasant smell.)

2. They have benzene ring C₆H₆(alternate 3 double bond with no benzene ring).

3. All with benzene ring is called are called Benzenoid compound and with no benzene ring is called Non-benzenoid compound ).  

• In benzene

1. The double bonds keep on moving so, the structure showing double bond can be written in either ways.  It has no effect on the chemical reactions of benzene .
2. Or we can say that pi electrons keeps moving i.e. shifting of π electron takes place.  Therefore basic structure of Benzene can be written as shown below .The Hybridisation is sp²  .
3. Structure of benzene is planar with sp²  hybridisation .
4. To see stability we can calculate enthalpy of hydrogenation.
5. Or we can say that pi electrons keeps moving i.e. shifting of π electron takes place.  Therefore basic structure of Benzene can be written as shown below .The Hybridisation is sp²  .
6.  Substitution Reaction - In this hydrogen is going to get substituted by some other group.

For example :

Halogenation : Substitution by halogen  like chlorine

 The Mechanism involved is electrophilic substitution mechanism.  

 Ist step : Formation of electrophile

   2nd step : Attack of electrophile on  benzene ring

Order of halogenations : For fluorine it is quite fast and also leads to explosion  Fluorine > Chlorine > Bromine > Iodine

3. Deprotonation : removal of proton

The main reaction along with steps of mechanism is attached below .